Uterine Leiomyomas

Definition

Uterine leiomyomas is the most common benign tumors are also known as myomas, fibromyomas, or fibroids. They're tumors composed of smooth muscle that usually occur in the uterine corpus, although they may appear on the cervix or on the round or broad ligament. It is classified according to location. Because they may be located within the uterine wall or protrude into the endometrial cavity or from the serosal surface of the uterus. The uterine cavity may become larger, increasing the endometrial surface area. This can cause increased uterine bleeding. Tumors become malignant in less than 0.1 % of patients, which should serve to comfort women concerned with the possibility of a uterine malignancy in association with a fibroid.

Causes of Uterine Leiomyomas

The cause of uterine leiomyomas is unknown, but some factors implicated as regulators of leiomyoma growth include:

• Several growth factors, including epidermal growth factor
• Steroid hormones, including estrogen and progesterone (because leiomyomas typically arise after menarche and regress after menopause, which implicates estrogen as a promoter of leiomyoma growth), and growth factors.
• Genetic predisposition.

Symptoms of Uterine Leiomyomas

If you have this disease, then various symptoms are associated with it such as:

• Abnormal bleeding, typically hypermenorrhea with disrupted submucosal vessels
• Pain only associated with torsion of a pedunculated (stemmed) subserous tumor or leiomyomas undergoing degeneration
• Pelvic pressure and impingement on adjacent viscera resulting in mild hydronephrosis
• Urinary frequency, urinary incontinence, or urinary retention due to pelvic pressure on the urinary bladder. constipation due to pressure on the GI tract.

Various complications and disorders have been attributed to uterine leiomyomas, including:

• Recurrent spontaneous abortion
• Preterm labor
• Malposition of the fetus
• Anemia secondary to excessive bleeding
• Bladder compression
• Infection
• Secondary infertility and bowel obstruction.

Treatment of Uterine Leiomyomas .

If you have this disease, then you should be use Possible treatments. Treatment depends on the severity of symptoms, size and location of the tumors, and the patient's age, parity, pregnancy status, desire to have children, and general health.

Treatment options include non surgical and surgical procedures.

• Pharmacologic treatment generally isn't effective in the long term for fibroids. Although usually prescribed by gynecologists, progestational agents are ineffective as primary treatment for fibroids.
• Non-surgical methods include gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonists to rapidly suppress pituitary gonadotropin release, which leads to profound hypoestrogenemia, and consequent benefit of reduction in tumor size before surgery, decreased blood loss during surgery, and increased preoperative hematocrit.
• Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for dysmenorrhea or pelvic discomfort.

Surgical procedures include:

• Abdominal, laparoscopic, or hysteroscopic myomectomy for patients of any age who want to preserve their uterus.
• Myolysis to coagulate the fibroids and preserve the uterus and childbearing potential.
• uterine artery embolization to block uterine arteries using small pieces of polyvinyl chloride.
• Hysterectomy
• Blood transfusions