Bipolar Disorder

Definition

Bipolar disorder also known as manic depression. Type 1 bipolar disorder may be occur due to mania and depression. But type 2 may be occur due to occasional manic episodes. Type 2 commonly occur in women. If any women with bipolar disorder, then it may have a higher risk of alcoholism than. Alcoholism is associated with a history of poly substance use in women with bipolar disorder. It may affects all ages, races, and social classes. Women are more affected by rapid cycling bipolar disorder, a complex variant of the disorder, than men. For example, men tend to begin with a manic episode, while women tend to begin with a depressive episode. Bipolar disorder may be recurs in 80% of patients; as they grow older, the episodes recur more frequently and last longer. Illness that are associated with a significant mortality; 20% of patients commit suicide, many just as the depression lifts.

Causes of bipolar disorder

The cause of bipolar disorder is unclear but hereditary, biological. and psychological factors may play a part. Although certain biochemical changes accompany mood swings. In both mania and depression,intracellular sodium concentration increases during illness and returns to normal with recovery. Low levels of the chemicals dopamine and norepinephrine that may also cause this disease for example, have been linked to depression, whereas excessively high levels of these chemicals that are associated with mania. Changes in the concentration of acetylcholine and serotonin may also playa role. If you are affected from this disease, then your child has a 25% chance of developing bipolar disorder and if child with two affected parents, then has a 50% chance of developing bipolar disorder. Although neurobiologists have yet to prove that these chemical shifts may cause bipolar disorder, it work by modifying these neurotransmitter systems. If you have emotional or physical trauma, such as bereavement, disruption of an important relationship, or a serious acddental injury, may also lead to bipolar disorder.

Symptoms of bipolar disorder

• Mood swings
• Malnutrition and poor personal hygiene
• Euphoric but unstable mood
• Pressured speech
• Increased motor activity

Treatment of Bipolar disorder

• You should be use lithium to treat bipolar disorder. Because it is highly effective in relieving and preventing manic episodes.
• You can also use antipsychotic drugs for the treatment of this disease to provide sedation and symptomatic relief.
• Antidepressants are used to treat depressive symptoms, but they may trigger a manic episode.
• For the treatment of this disease, you should provide emotional support, and also maintain a calm environment, and set realistic goals for behavior.
• You should also provide diversionary activities suited to a short attention span; firmly discourage the patient if she tries to overextend herself. Provide structured activities involving large motor movements to expend surplus energy. Reduce or eliminate group activities durIng acute manic episodes.