Pelvic Inflammatory Disease

Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is the most common and complication of sexually transmitted diseases among women aside from acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. PID is any acute, sub-acute, recurrent, or chronic infection of the upper genital tract. It is a long lasting infection that may affecting the womb, the tubes which deliver eggs to the womb and the nearby structures in the lower abdomen. It can affect the uterus, oviducts, ovaries, and other related reproductive structures with adjacent tissue involvement. It includes inflammation of the fallopian tubes and ovaries, which can extend to the connective tissue lying between the broad ligaments. It's also the major cause of ectopic pregnancies.

Causes for PID

Pelvic Inflammatory Disease may be occur due to various causes. PID can result from infection with aerobic or anaerobic organisms that travel from the urethra and cervix into the upper genital tract. Other various organisms that may cause PID such as neisseria gonorrhoeae and chlamydia trachomatis are two of the most common because they most readily penetrate the bacteriostatic barrier of cervical mucus. It may destroy the cervical mucus impair these bacteriostatic mechanisms and allow bacteria present in the cervix or vagina to ascend into the uterine cavity; such procedures include conization or cauterization of the cervix. Another Uterine infection that may cause this disease and it can also follow the transfer of contaminated cervical mucus into the endometrial cavity by instrumentation. Other predisposing factors include:

• Abortion
• Pelvic surgery, and infection during or after pregnancy

Other various risk factors that may cause PID include:

• Women with STDs
• Prior episode of PID
• Sexually active teenager
• Increased number of sexual partners
• Lack of consistent condom use
• Lack of contraceptive use
• Douching

Symptoms of PID

Various symptoms of this disease may includes:

• Abdominal pain
• Movement of the cervix or palpation of the adnexa may be extremely painful
• Right upper abdominal pain
• Painful sexual intercourse
• Irregular menstrual bleeding.

PID may be caused by a chlamydial infection, but it may produce only mild symptoms. If left untreated, then PID may cause infertility, tubal pregnancy, chronic pelvic pain, and may lead to potentially fatal septicemia and shock.

Treatment of PID

If you have this disease, then you should be use Possible treatment such as:

• To prevent progression of PID, antibiotic therapy begins immediately after culture specimens are obtained. Such therapy can be reevaluated as soon as laboratory results are available. Infection may become chronic if treated inadequately.
• PID may be cause by multiple organisms, so you can use CDC guidelines for outpatient treatment include of loxacin (Floxin) and metronidazole (Flagyl) for 14 days or ceftriaxone (Rocephin) or another third-generation cephalosporin with doxycycline (Vibramycin) for 14 days.
• For those women that must be hospitalized due to increased severity of the illness or other complications, such as pregnancy, AIDS, or inability to take oral forms of antibiotics, the CDC guidelines for inpatient treatment include doxycycline with cefoxitin (Mefoxin) or cefotetan (Cefotan) or a combination of clindamycin (Cleocin) and gentamicin (Garamycin).